Contraceptives are essential for reproductive health and family planning. However, adverse events associated with contraceptive methods may affect their use and acceptability. This study aims to investigate the risk factors and prevalence of adverse events associated with contraceptives in Indonesia. A cross-sectional survey study based on the Indonesian Demographic Health Survey was conducted among Indonesian women aged 15–49 who were using modern contraceptives, including oral contraceptive pills (OCPs), 1-month and 3-month hormonal injections, implants, intrauterine devices (IUDs), and female sterilization. The dependent variable was adverse events associated with contraceptive use. Covariates included age, contraceptive method, duration of contraceptive use, education level, occupation, birth in the past year, number of children under five years, wealth index, and location of residence. Multivariate binary logistic regression was used to assess the associations between contraceptive adverse events and sociodemographic variables, with results presented as adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The study included 12,831 women, with a prevalence of adverse events at 41.5%. The most common symptoms were amenorrhea (21.72%), weight gain (19.77%), irregular period (19.58%), headache (13.17%), nausea (3.61%), and bleeding (2.87%). Hormonal injectables had the highest risk, with 3-month and 1-month injectables showing AORs of 2.20 and 1.55, respectively. Older individuals had an increased risk, except after age 42. Women who gave birth in the past year, had more children under five, and lived in rural areas were less likely to report adverse events. The findings emphasize the need for targeted counseling and regular follow-ups to reassure women about symptoms and ensure proper management. Further studies should assess the severity of adverse events to understand their impact on adherence, quality of life, and reproductive health outcomes.

Keywords: Adverse Events; Contraceptives; Family Planning; Reproductive Health; Side Effect.