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Skin photoaging is mainly caused by ultraviolet (UV) light exposure, which generates free radicals that damage DNA and may result in aging signs and cancer. Coffee husk (cascara), a coffee by-product, is known for its antioxidant properties, but its protective effects on skin and DNA remain unexplored. This study evaluates the DNA protective activity, sun protection factor (SPF) value, antioxidant activity, and phytochemical profiles of an ethanol extract of cascara from Coffea arabica, collected in Sidikalang, North Sumatra. The extract, obtained using 70% ethanol, was assessed for DPPH scavenging activity, SPF value, and DNA protection via the pUC19 cutting reaction with hydroxyl radicals from the Fenton reaction. The results revealed moderate DPPH scavenging activity with an IC₅₀ value of 189.41 ppm. The extract also provided 22.05% DNA protection against hydroxyl radicals and exhibited an SPF value of 16.25, indicating ultra protection. The total phenolic and flavonoid content were 75.20 mg GAE/g and 44.28 mg QE/g extract, respectively. These compounds likely contribute to the extract’s protective activities. In conclusion, the ethanolic extract of Cascara arabica demonstrates significant potential for anti-photoaging properties.

Antioxidant; arabica; cascara; DNA protection; SPF