USD Conference Systems, The 9th Literary Studies Conference 2021 : Literature and Interdisciplinarity

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FOCALIZATION-NARRATOR EFFECT ON PERCEIVED LIKABILITY AND VILLAINY IN KEPNES’S YOU: A NOVEL
Andy Jefferson Sabur, Retno Purwani Sari

Last modified: 2022-04-03

Abstract


The goal of this research is to identify the narrator and focalization structures of the novel “You: a novel” by Caroline Kepnes. After identification is made, a discussion on what they do to the reader is provided. The method of study used in this paper is the descriptive qualitative method, wherein the text is analyzed, tagged, then used as points to back up the argument. The main theory used in this research article is narratology, specifically the subsection of narrator and focalization. A secondary theory of narrative empathy is employed to show how the narrator and focalization affects the reader’s perception of the character Joe. The results show that the novel uses a character bound, autodiegetic narrator, while also using internal focalization. This combination creates the biggest identification with readers to Joe as the character, narrator, and focalizer of the story. This is further extended by focalization techniques of sharing feelings and immersion to make the reader sympathize with Joe. Then narratorial techniques of focusing on Joe’s loss instead of his villainous actions primes the reader to empathize with him instead of fully condemning him. Thus the text invites the reader to understand and therefore like Joe instead of hating him.


Keywords


focalization; narrator; likability; villainy

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