This study aims to model the performance of the Paiton 1 Steam Power Plant (PLTU) using variations in main steam pressure/temperature and condenser pressure. Using GateCycle software, this research examines the impact of these parameter changes on the thermal efficiency, heat rate, and fuel mass flow of the power plant.

Coal-fired steam power plants are chosen due to their dominant usage in Indonesia and their potential greenhouse gas emissions. Given the importance of thermal efficiency in reducing emissions and operational costs, this study aims to provide insights into improving PLTU performance. The analysis is based on actual operational data from the Paiton 1 power plant under steady-state conditions, along with simulations using GateCycle to predict the plant's performance under specified parameter variations.

The results show that changes in main steam pressure and temperature, as well as condenser pressure, significantly affect the performance of the power plant. Increased thermal efficiency and decreased heat rate can be achieved through the optimization of these parameters, which in turn can reduce fuel consumption and CO2 emissions. This research provides a basis for fuel-saving strategies and operational efficiency improvements in steam power plants.