USD Conference Systems, UNDERGRADUATE CONFERENCE (UC) 2025

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GENDERED VIEWS OF DEATH IN SELECTED AMERICAN POEMS
Benedicta Azima Sankhyasti, Calista Maura Siwi, Lydia Kezia

Last modified: 2025-06-05

Abstract


To unveil attitudes toward death in male/female languages, three poems are selected, namely Poe’s The Raven (1845), Dickinson’s Because I Could Not Stop for Death (1863), and Robinson’s Richard Cory (1897). In view of dissecting these works, this paper uses Fairclough’s three-dimensional model that includes description, interpretation, and explanation. Apart from that, Lakoff’s female language features are considered. Data are collected employing close reading as an interpretive tool, meaning that the form of the text is analysed to uncover dimensions of attitudes towards the idea of death in the social context of the time they were written. Result shows language used in The Raven contains several features of the female language to express hopelessness after a loss, like hedging, tag questions, repetition, and emotional expressions. On the other hand, Because I Could Not Stop for Death boasts those features to express acceptance and submission to expected death. It contrasts to Richard Cory, in which there is little to none female language features, but its directness shows that death is certain and natural occurring. Through Fairclough’s model and considering the notion on female language, this study discovers that there are dimensions of attitudes worth considering: avoidance and submission.


Keywords


American literature, death, Fairclough, Lakoff, poem