Gotong royong, which serves as a vital pillar of social cohesion in Indonesian society, is deeply embraced by communities and articulated through various local proverbs. However, modernization and the influence of individualistic lifestyles have caused the values of gotong royong to gradually erode, making them increasingly difficult to practice in daily life. This study aims to examine two proverbs from different ethnic groups: “Rakka Batu Tuo Na Olai Kada Mesa” from the Mamasa community (West Sulawesi) and “Ganu Ipun Tama Nanga, Ganu Teban Lema Likon” from the Tana Ai community (Sikka, East Flores). The research employs literature review and interviews with community leaders, followed by qualitative-descriptive and comparative analysis. The findings reveal that the Mamasa proverb emphasizes the power of collective determination and unity in facing great challenges, metaphorically represented by a hard stone that can be broken by a single voice. Meanwhile, the Tana Ai proverb highlights the importance of communal living, solidarity, and empathy, symbolized by fish that swim together as a metaphor for human togetherness. The comparative analysis confirms that both proverbs teach the values of unity and mutual cooperation, albeit with different symbols and focal points. Their relevance in the modern context is highly significant, as they serve as reminders of the importance of social cohesion amid globalization, urbanization, and the rise of individualism. Therefore, this study affirms that traditional proverbs are not merely cultural heritage but also reflective and dynamic instruments that can strengthen identity, solidarity, and social justice in Indonesian society.