The low level of science literacy among students has become a primary concern in education, as science literacy plays a crucial role in understanding and addressing increasingly urgent environmental issues. This study aims to investigate the impact of low science literacy on students' environmental awareness and to explore the role of science education in this context. Using a systematic literature review approach, this research follows a structured procedure that includes identifying relevant academic articles, screening the collected literature based on relevance and publication date, assessing full-text articles for eligibility, extracting key data and findings, and synthesizing the extracted data to identify patterns, relationships, and gaps in the literature. This systematic review highlights that students' science literacy remains low, influenced by internal and external factors such as interest in learning, family support, and the quality of education. Its negative impact on environmental awareness underscores the urgency of improving science literacy. Educational strategies such as project-based learning models and enhancing educational facilities have proven effective in increasing students' science literacy and environmental awareness, emphasizing the importance of science literacy education in creating a generation that is more aware and concerned about the environment and capable of leveraging technology to support sustainability.